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Business Models for Financing Nature-Based Solutions in Urban Climate Action

A Knowledge Resource for Cities in Developing Countries

This publication serves as a comprehensive guide to financing and developing business models for Nature-based Solutions (NbS) addressing climate challenges in urban areas.

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Building on previous frameworks by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and the European Commission (EC), the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA) adopted a formal definition of NbS in 2022 (EC 2015; Cohen-Shacham et al. 2016; UNEA 2022). Resolution 5/5 defined NbS as “actions to protect, conserve, restore, sustainably use and manage natural or modified terrestrial, freshwater, coastal and marine ecosystems which address social, economic and environmental challenges effectively and adaptively, while simultaneously providing human well-being, ecosystem services, resilience and biodiversity benefits”.